Multirange multi-relaxation time Shan-Chen model with extended equilibrium

The work presents simulations with the multirange Shan–Chen model developed by Sbragaglia et al. (2007) [18], which improved the Shan–Chen model for the proper surface tension term. Also, by introducing the matrix collision operator and extended equilibrium density distribution function, the density ratio is increased from 100 to 160. The MultiRelaxation Time (MRT) method attracted the attention of researchers due to several advantages, such as better stability, simulations with Prandtl number different from unity, and possibilities to improve the accuracy of the scheme compared with BGK Single Time Relaxation model. Our recent results have shown that the combination of MRT methods with multiphase flow models can improve the achievable gas–liquid density ratio. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.